Author Archives: kjclea

CLO11: Summarize the relationship of factors that control and affect distortion. Distortion is controlled by the factors of source-image receptor-distance, object-image receptor-distance and kVp. Source-image receptor-distance is the distance from the target of the x-ray tube to the image receptor. SID affects things like magnification of the body part. For example, if the SID isContinue reading “Principles: Distortion”

CLO09: Differentiate between size and shape distortion. Size distortion is the increase in size of the image’s anatomical part compared to the part’s actual size and must occur over the entire image. SID and OID are factors that affect magnification and especially size distortion. Sometimes size distortion will always occur because of OID. SID canContinue reading “Principles: Size and Shape Distortion”

CLO06: Analyze the relationship of factors that control and affect radiographic contrast. Radiographic contrast is controlled by kilovoltage peak. A high kVp indicates less absorption, more transmission and a low contrast while a low kVp indicates more absorption, less transmission and a high contrast. Low contrast means there are going to be more shades ofContinue reading “Principles: Radiographic Contrast”

CLO04: Analyze the relationships of factors that control and affect image exposure. Image exposure is controlled by kilovoltage peak (kVp) and milliampere-seconds (mAs). Kilovoltage can alter the penetrating ability of the x-ray beam as well as the amount of penetrability. Milliampere-seconds is directly proportional to the exposure. The anatomy must first be penetrated before mAsContinue reading “Principles: Image Exposure”

CLO03: Assess radiographic exposure on radiographic images. The imaged proximal femur above will be assessed for its radiographic exposure. This image has a exposure number of 1.50 LgM. Based on the chart below, the optimal range for the digital equipment Agfa is 1.6-2.2 LgM. Comparing the numbers, it is shown that 1.50 LgM is lowerContinue reading “Principles: Radiographic Exposure”

CLO1: State the principles of x-ray production. The principles of x-ray production are as follows: 1.) The large potential difference to give kinetic energy to the filament electrons. 2.) A way of transportation that the kinetic energy can ride. 3.) A place for interaction or a target is needed.

CLO16: Describe particulate radiation. Particulate radiation is a type of ionizing radiation that uses subatomic particles that are in motion and have adequate kinetic energy. There are two main subatomic particles named alpha particles and beta particles. An alpha particle is a large helium nucleus that contains a positive electric charge and only emit fromContinue reading “Physics: Particulate Radiation”

CLO15: Identify the properties of x-ray. X-rays have properties that are unique only to this imaging modality. Some of those properties include x-rays: being invisible being electronically neutral traveling at the speed of light being absorbed or scattered by the tissues in the human body produce secondary radiation causes chemical and biological damage to livingContinue reading “Physics: Properties of X-Ray”

CLO13: Explain the relationship of energy, wavelength and frequency. There is a consistent relationship between energy, frequency and wavelength. Frequency and wavelength are indirectly related meaning to increase the frequency allows for the wavelength to be decreased. Frequency and energy are directly related meaning as the frequency is decreased so will the energy. Wavelength andContinue reading “Physics: Energy, Wavelength & Frequency”

CLO11: Describe the electromagnetic spectrum. The entire range of electromagnetic energy grouped together is the electromagnetic spectrum. The basic concept of there being a electric and magnetic field that travels at the speed of light is the same. The only difference is the frequency and wavelength of the various photons. Frequency and wavelength are inverselyContinue reading “Physics: Electromagnetic Spectrum”